Largest Star.

VY Canis Majoris is the largest known star.
It is a Red Hyper giant .
It is located in Canis Majoris constellation .
VY Canis Majoris is  about 1,975,000,000 kilometres (1.227×10⁹ mi) in diameter.
It is about 3900 Light years far from earth .
If it is placed at center of solar system , then its boundary would cross Jupiter.
It has an average density of 5 to 10 mg/m³

 

God Particle

We often call bosons as God particle;
Bosons are the particles with integer spin number i.e. 0,1,2,3.Because they are the fundamental particles of matter. 
Photons γ 
These particles are responsible for electromagnetic force.
They make up electromagnetic radiation.
Photons are said to have zero mass. 
Higgs boson 
These particles are responsible for mass.
Was first theorized by Peter Higgs.
Discovered in CERN labs at Large Hydron Collider in 2012. 
Mass of Higgs boson is approx 125 GeV(1 electron volt = 1.60217657 × 10^-19 joules) 
Gravitron 
This is hypothetical particle responsible for weak force, gravity. 
Gluons

Gluons are the particle responsible for the strong force.

This force exists between the Quarks.

These cause strong nuclear force.

W and Z bosons

W  and  Z  bosons are weak action bosons.

W bosons have positive or negative charge at time of action with electrons or positrons .

While Z boson remains neutral .

Behavior of bosons cans be explained with the help of Feyman Diagrams.

Structure of wave or electromagnetic radiation.

Electromagnetic spectrum

Structure of wave

Our neighbouring galaxy.

Andromeda  is a spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light-years (2.4×1019 km) from Earth in the Andromeda constellation.

 

Supernova in detail.

 
Supernova is term use to define an explosion of dying star.

There are many types of stars wiz dwarfs, main sequence stars, giants, super giants.

The mass of super giants is approximate 1000 solar masses.

In a star, hydrogen and helium atoms fuse to form elements of next generation.

During the lifespan of super giant, iron is the last element of fusion series.

As iron is a heavy element, it stays in the core of star.

 Fusion evolved shells.

As the iron in the core of star increases, due to gravity, the pull of star towards centre increases.

Now there are two forces:

1)       Gravity towards centre.

2)      Pressure towards surface.

The star shrinks towards centre, but the pressure too increases.

After some period the force towards surface becomes more than gravity.

Due to this, the star explodes.

During the explosion hard X-rays and gamma rays are released from the poles of

 star, this is called as gamma ray burst.

This explosion is called as SUPERNOVA.

Super nova leaves a long time impression on galaxy.

All the precious metals are created at times of supernova.

A supernova in our neighborhood i.e. 5 light years can wash of all life on earth.

After supernova, depending upon the mass of star it turns into a black hole or a neutron star.

 

Some images:

The Crab Nebula was a star once. It exploded as a supernova in 1054, and was so bright that it was visible during the day for 23 days and at night for two years. At its center is the Crab Pulsar: a rapidly spinning neutron star.